Lighthouses have been a beacon of safety and guidance for sailors navigating treacherous waters for centuries. Many of the oldest ones in the United States stand as historic landmarks, showcasing the country’s rich maritime heritage. From towering structures perched on rugged cliffs to quaint towers on sandy shores, each has its own unique story. While some continue to operate as navigational aids, others serve as museums or iconic tourist destinations. These enduring symbols of resilience and innovation remind us of the critical role lighthouses have played in shaping coastal communities and maritime history.
St. Augustine Lighthouse
Constructed in 1874, the St. Augustine Lighthouse in Florida is a stunning piece of history with its black-and-white spiral stripes and red lantern room. Standing at 165 feet, it is the tallest one in the state. The site’s history dates back to a 16th-century Spanish watchtower, emphasizing its long-standing maritime importance. Today, it serves as a museum and offers visitors a chance to climb its 219 steps to enjoy panoramic views of the Atlantic Ocean and historic St. Augustine. Its beam reaches 25 miles, aiding ships navigating the dangerous coastline. It is also rumored to be haunted, drawing paranormal enthusiasts and history buffs alike. Annual events, such as the Night Fest, celebrate its cultural and historical significance.
Bald Head Light (Old Baldy)
Bald Head Light, affectionately known as “Old Baldy,” was completed in 1817 and is located on Bald Head Island, North Carolina. Standing at 110 feet, it is the oldest standing lighthouse in the state. Constructed of brick covered with stucco, it has a distinctive octagonal shape and a weathered appearance due to its age. Although it was decommissioned in 1935, it remains a cherished historical landmark. The Old Baldy Foundation manages the lighthouse and operates a museum in the adjacent keeper’s cottage, offering insights into its storied past. Visitors can climb the 108 steps to the top for panoramic views of the surrounding area. It is a popular venue for weddings and special events, adding to its community significance.
Cape Hatteras Lighthouse
Built in 1803, Cape Hatteras Lighthouse is located in the Outer Banks of North Carolina and is famous for its iconic black-and-white spiral design. Originally constructed to warn ships of the treacherous Diamond Shoals, it has been relocated to prevent erosion damage. It now stands at a towering 198 feet, making it the tallest brick lighthouse in the United States. The light’s beam extends 20 miles, making it an essential aid for navigation along this hazardous stretch of the Atlantic. Visitors can climb the 257 steps to the top for panoramic views of the coastline. It is part of the Cape Hatteras National Seashore, a protected area preserving the region’s natural beauty. Its striking appearance and historical significance attract thousands of visitors each year.
Portland Head Light
Portland Head Light, established in 1791, is located on Cape Elizabeth in Maine. Commissioned by George Washington, it is one of the most iconic and historic lighthouses in the United States. The structure stands 80 feet tall and features a distinctive white tower with a black lantern room. Initially lit with whale oil lamps, it now uses modern illumination technology to guide vessels along the rocky coast. The surrounding area offers breathtaking views of the Atlantic Ocean and is part of Fort Williams Park. Portland Head Light remains operational and is maintained by the U.S. Coast Guard. A museum in the former keeper’s quarters provides insights into its maritime history.
Newburyport Harbor Light (Plum Island Light)
Established in 1788, Newburyport Harbor Light, also known as Plum Island Light, is situated on Plum Island in Massachusetts. The current 45-foot cast-iron tower was constructed in 1898, replacing earlier wooden structures. It features a white tower with a black lantern and remains active, aiding navigation into the Merrimack River and Newburyport Harbor. The Friends of Plum Island Light, a nonprofit organization, oversees its preservation and offers tours to the public. The lighthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, underscoring its historical significance. Its light characteristic is a flashing green light every 15 seconds, visible for 10 nautical miles.
Portsmouth Harbor Lighthouse
Established in 1771, Portsmouth Harbor Lighthouse is located in New Castle, New Hampshire, at the mouth of the Piscataqua River. The original wooden tower was replaced in 1804 by a new structure, and the current 48-foot cast-iron tower was constructed in 1878. It features a distinctive white tower with a black lantern room and remains operational, guiding vessels into Portsmouth Harbor. Managed by the Friends of Portsmouth Harbor Lighthouses, the site offers seasonal tours, allowing visitors to explore its rich maritime history. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, highlighting its historical importance. Its Fresnel lens casts a green light, distinguishing it from other navigational aids in the area.
Sandy Hook Lighthouse
Completed on June 11, 1764, Sandy Hook Lighthouse is located in New Jersey and is the oldest working lighthouse in the United States. Originally situated 500 feet from the tip of Sandy Hook, it now stands about 1.5 miles inland due to natural land accumulation. The octagonal tower, constructed of rubblestone, rises to a height of 103 feet. Throughout its history, it has withstood numerous storms and even wartime threats, remaining operational since its inception. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1964, solidifying its significance in American history. Guided tours provide visitors with insight into its enduring legacy.
Brant Point Lighthouse
Brant Point Lighthouse, located on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, was originally established in 1746, making it one of the oldest lighthouse stations in the United States. The current 26-foot wooden tower, built in 1901, is the ninth iteration, as previous structures were destroyed by fire or storms. Its white tower with a red lantern room continues to guide vessels into Nantucket Harbor. The lighthouse is still operational and is maintained by the U.S. Coast Guard. It is renowned for its picturesque setting and is a popular subject for photographers and artists. Its light characteristic is a fixed red light, visible for 10 nautical miles.
Tybee Island Light Station
Tybee Island Light Station, established in 1736, is one of the oldest lighthouses in Georgia and has undergone multiple reconstructions due to storms and coastal erosion. Located near Savannah, the current structure, completed in 1867, stands 145 feet tall. It is known for its iconic black-and-white-striped design and adjacent keeper’s cottage. It remains fully operational, guiding vessels along the Savannah River and Georgia coastline. The Tybee Island Historical Society manages the site, ensuring its preservation for future generations. Visitors can tour the lighthouse, climb its 178 steps, and explore the museum housed in the keeper’s quarters.
Boston Light
Established in 1716 on Little Brewster Island in Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, Boston Light holds the distinction of being the first lighthouse built in what is now the United States. The original structure was destroyed during the American Revolution but was rebuilt in 1783. Standing at 89 feet tall, it remains an active aid to navigation and is the only lighthouse still staffed by the U.S. Coast Guard. The light’s beam reaches 27 nautical miles, assisting vessels entering the harbor. In 1964, it was designated a National Historic Landmark, recognizing its historical significance. Visitors can tour the lighthouse seasonally, learning about its storied past and maritime heritage. It underwent major renovations in 2014 and reopened to visitors in 2015.
This article originally appeared on Rarest.org.
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